How to Sign "To Be"

To sign "to be", you will fingerspell the word "be". Start by forming the letter "B" with your dominant hand: hold your hand up, palm facing forward, with your fingers straight and together, and your thumb folded across your palm. Then, transition smoothly into the letter "E" by curling your fingers down so their tips rest on your thumb, keeping your hand in the exact same location.

Examples Using "To Be" in a Sentence

1

I am happy.

In ASL, you do not use "to be" verbs like "am". You simply drop the verb and sign "I HAPPY".

2

She is my sister.

Again, you omit the "is". You would simply point to the person and sign "SHE MY SISTER".

3

I will be there.

While you could fingerspell B-E here for English emphasis, a natural ASL translation would just use the future tense and sign "I WILL THERE" or "I ARRIVE".

How to Sign "To Be"
To sign "to be", you will fingerspell the word "be". Start by forming the letter "B" with your dominant hand: hold your hand up, palm facing forward, with your fingers straight and together, and your thumb folded across your palm. Then, transition smoothly into the letter "E" by curling your fingers down so their tips rest on your thumb, keeping your hand in the exact same location.
Visual Logic(Etymology)
Because American Sign Language is a completely distinct language from English, it does not share the same grammatical requirement for "state of being" verbs. Therefore, there is no native, iconic ASL sign for "to be". When the word must be expressed—usually for English-influenced contexts, direct quotes, or Signed Exact English (SEE)—it is simply borrowed by fingerspelling the letters B and E. The visual logic relies entirely on the English alphabet rather than a conceptual representation.
Signing Tips
The most important tip for the concept of "to be" is knowing when not to use it! True American Sign Language rarely uses "to be" verbs such as am, is, are, was, were, or be. Instead of trying to translate your English sentences word-for-word, focus on conveying the core meaning. When you do need to fingerspell B-E for an English idiom or specific emphasis, keep your hand steady and make a smooth, quick transition between the two letters without bouncing your wrist.
Common Mistakes
A very common mistake for beginners is trying to insert "to be" verbs into every sentence because they are so used to spoken English grammar. Remember that ASL is its own distinct language with its own grammatical structures. Sentences like "He is tall" or "They are running" simply become "HE TALL" and "THEY RUN" in ASL. Trying to force a fingerspelled B-E into these natural ASL sentences will make your signing look clunky and confusing to native Deaf signers.
Regional Variations
This sign is widely used and understood across the ASL community with minimal regional variation.
Examples Using "To Be" in a Sentence
1

I am happy.

In ASL, you do not use "to be" verbs like "am". You simply drop the verb and sign "I HAPPY".

2

She is my sister.

Again, you omit the "is". You would simply point to the person and sign "SHE MY SISTER".

3

I will be there.

While you could fingerspell B-E here for English emphasis, a natural ASL translation would just use the future tense and sign "I WILL THERE" or "I ARRIVE".

Frequently Asked Questions
Do I need to sign words like 'is' or 'are' in ASL?

No, ASL does not use 'to be' verbs like am, is, are, was, or were. You simply omit them from your sentences. For example, the English sentence 'You are smart' is naturally signed as just 'YOU SMART'.

When would I actually need to fingerspell B-E?

You might fingerspell B-E if you are speaking in Signed Exact English (SEE), quoting a specific English phrase, or emphasizing a state of being. However, in standard ASL conversations, it is almost always omitted.

Is there a specific sign for 'be' besides fingerspelling?

In standard ASL, no. Some English-based sign systems use a 'B' handshape moving forward from the mouth, but in true ASL, you either omit the concept entirely or fingerspell B-E if it is strictly required for English context.

ASL is a beautiful, expressive language. Practice regularly and have fun!