How to Sign "Last Year"

To sign 'last year,' start by forming both hands into 'S' shapes (fists). Place your dominant fist on top of your non-dominant fist, as if starting the sign for 'year.' Then, lift your dominant hand, change it to a '1' handshape with the index finger extended, and point it backward over your dominant shoulder.

Examples Using "Last Year" in a Sentence

1

I started learning ASL last year.

In ASL, time is usually established at the beginning of a sentence. Start by signing 'last year' to set the context. Then, point to yourself for 'I,' sign 'start,' and finish with the signs for 'learn' and 'ASL.' This structure ensures the timeline is clear immediately.

2

We went to the beach last year.

To express this, you will want to set up the timeframe first. Sign 'last year' with a clear backward motion. Afterward, sign 'we' by moving your index finger from shoulder to shoulder, followed by the signs for 'go' and 'beach.' The past tense is already covered by 'last year.'

3

Last year was very busy for me.

Begin your sentence with the sign for 'last year' to let your conversation partner know when this happened. Next, use the sign for 'busy' while adding a facial expression that shows intensity to represent 'very.' Finally, point to yourself to indicate that you were the one who was busy.

How to Sign "Last Year"
To sign 'last year,' start by forming both hands into 'S' shapes (fists). Place your dominant fist on top of your non-dominant fist, as if starting the sign for 'year.' Then, lift your dominant hand, change it to a '1' handshape with the index finger extended, and point it backward over your dominant shoulder.
Visual Logic(Etymology)
The sign for 'last year' is a beautiful example of how ASL combines concepts. It takes the base starting position of the sign for 'year'—represented by the two stacked fists, which historically symbolized the earth orbiting the sun. It then incorporates the ASL spatial timeline, where the space behind the signer's body represents the past. By moving the hand backward from the 'year' position, it literally translates to 'a year in the past.'
Signing Tips
When signing 'last year,' remember that time signs in ASL generally happen at the beginning of the sentence to establish the context early. The backward motion over your shoulder visually represents moving into the past, which is a fundamental concept in ASL timelines. Make sure your non-dominant hand stays stationary in a relaxed 'S' shape in front of your body while your dominant hand executes the movement. Keep the motion smooth and deliberate, ensuring the index finger clearly points behind you.
Common Mistakes
A common mistake beginners make is circling the dominant hand all the way around the non-dominant hand before pointing back, confusing it with the standard sign for 'year.' For 'last year,' you do not need that full circular motion. Simply start with the fists touching and move the dominant hand straight back. Another mistake is pointing to the side instead of clearly over the shoulder, which can make the timeline aspect of the sign less clear to the person watching.
Regional Variations
This sign is widely used and understood across the ASL community with minimal regional variation.
Examples Using "Last Year" in a Sentence
1

I started learning ASL last year.

In ASL, time is usually established at the beginning of a sentence. Start by signing 'last year' to set the context. Then, point to yourself for 'I,' sign 'start,' and finish with the signs for 'learn' and 'ASL.' This structure ensures the timeline is clear immediately.

2

We went to the beach last year.

To express this, you will want to set up the timeframe first. Sign 'last year' with a clear backward motion. Afterward, sign 'we' by moving your index finger from shoulder to shoulder, followed by the signs for 'go' and 'beach.' The past tense is already covered by 'last year.'

3

Last year was very busy for me.

Begin your sentence with the sign for 'last year' to let your conversation partner know when this happened. Next, use the sign for 'busy' while adding a facial expression that shows intensity to represent 'very.' Finally, point to yourself to indicate that you were the one who was busy.

Frequently Asked Questions
Do I need to do the full circle motion for 'year' first?

No, for 'last year,' you skip the circling motion. Just start with your dominant fist resting on your non-dominant fist, then immediately move your dominant hand back over your shoulder. Adding the circle makes it look like 'one year ago' or can just be unnecessarily clunky.

Why does the hand point backward?

In ASL, the timeline is represented spatially around your body. The space immediately in front of you is the present, moving forward represents the future, and moving backward over your shoulder represents the past. Pointing back literally shows that the year is behind you.

Which hand should move?

Your dominant hand should always be the one that moves backward over your shoulder. Your non-dominant hand acts as the base and should stay stationary in a fist in front of your torso. Keeping the non-dominant hand still helps make the movement of the dominant hand clear.

ASL is a beautiful, expressive language. Practice regularly and have fun!